SCIENCE & RESEARCH

Exploring the science of grounding.

Grounding has been studied in relation to sleep, recovery, stress, circulation and several aspects of human physiology. Explore published research, reviews and scientific perspectives that continue to shape our understanding of grounding.

30+ Published Studies

20+ Years of Research

30+ Research Sources

Research with perspective.

The REBANA Research Hub brings together peer-reviewed studies, expert perspectives and balanced answers to common questions about grounding. Explore each category to better understand both the possibilities and the limits of current research.

Published Studies Review Articles Scientific Perspectives Questions & Misinformation

Featured Research

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on the Improvement of Sleep Quality with Earthing Mat

A 2025 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined whether sleeping with an earthing mat could influence sleep quality, sleep duration and stress-related measures in healthy adults. The study reported improvements in several measures, while also noting its relatively small sample size and short intervention period.

Small sample size · Short study duration · Further independent research needed

Read Full Study →

Journal Advances in Integrative Medicine

Authors Advances in Integrative Medicine — Elsevier

Published 2025

Evidence Library

Published Studies

Explore published studies investigating grounding across sleep, recovery, physiology and other areas of human research.

DOUBLE-BLIND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY

Chevalier — Acute Physiological Responses to Grounding

A double-blind study of 28 healthy adults measured skin conductance, respiratory rate, blood oxygenation, pulse rate and perfusion during grounded and sham-grounded sessions.

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Grounded Sleeping & Exercise Recovery

A 6-week double-blind randomized controlled trial studied grounding in 16 massage therapists, assessing pain, physical function, fatigue, mood, sleep and quality-of-life measures.

EXPLORATORY STUDY

Chevalier et al. — Grounding and Red Blood Cell Electrical Properties

An exploratory study of 10 healthy adults examined changes in red blood cell zeta potential and aggregation after two hours of grounding.

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT

Brown — Grounding, Body Voltage and Electromagnetic Fields

A study of 50 participants measured AC body voltage and current before and during grounding in a typical indoor electrical environment.

Research Synthesis

Review Articles

Review articles bring together findings from multiple studies to provide a broader view of grounding research and its proposed mechanisms.

EDITORIAL OVERVIEW

Kattner — Down to Earth: A New Type of Hygiene

An editorial overview introducing a Biomedical Journal special section on grounding, electromagnetic hygiene, inflammation, sleep and circadian biology.

INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Jamieson — Grounding & Electromagnetic Hygiene

An integrative review examining grounding within the broader context of electromagnetic environments, including methodological limitations, potential confounding factors and priorities for future research.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Chevalier et al. — Health Implications of Earthing

A foundational review of early grounding research examining sleep, stress, pain, physiological measurements and proposed mechanisms associated with conductive contact with the Earth.

MECHANISMS & REVIEW

Oschman et al. — Grounding, Inflammation & Immune Response

A review and hypothesis paper examining existing grounding research in relation to inflammatory responses, immune activity, wound healing and proposed electron-based mechanisms.

Understanding the Evidence

Scientific Perspectives

Explore research that looks beyond outcomes to investigate electrical, physiological and biological perspectives on grounding.

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT

Brown — What Grounding Changes Electrically

A human measurement study examined AC body voltage and current before and during grounding, helping distinguish measurable electrical effects from broader clinical health claims.

EVIDENCE PERSPECTIVE

Jamieson — Grounding, Confounders & Research Design

An integrative review examines grounding research alongside methodological limitations, environmental variables and potential confounding factors that may influence study results.

PROPOSED MECHANISM

Oschman — Can Electrons Act as Antioxidants?

A review and commentary explores the hypothesis that mobile electrons may interact with oxidative processes in biological tissues. The mechanism remains proposed rather than clinically established.

PHYSIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Chevalier — Acute Physiological Responses to Grounding

A double-blind experiment examined skin conductance, blood oxygenation, respiratory rate, pulse rate and perfusion during grounded and sham-grounded sessions.

FROM RESEARCH TO ROUTINE

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SLEEP ROUTINE

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EVERYDAY GROUNDING

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Grounding Mat

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REBANA products are wellness products and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease. Research presented on this page relates to grounding as a field of study and should not be interpreted as clinical validation of any individual REBANA product.

Clarity Before Claims

Questions & Misinformation

Good wellness decisions start with understanding both what research suggests and what remains uncertain.

Exploring the science of grounding.

Research with perspective.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on the Improvement of Sleep Quality with Earthing Mat

Published Studies

Chevalier — Acute Physiological Responses to Grounding

Grounded Sleeping & Exercise Recovery

Chevalier et al. — Grounding and Red Blood Cell Electrical Properties

Brown — Grounding, Body Voltage and Electromagnetic Fields

Ghaly & Teplitz — Grounded Sleep, Cortisol and Stress

Grounded Sleeping & Exercise Recovery

Sokal & Sokal — Earthing and Physiologic Processes

Park et al. — Sleep Quality with Earthing Mat, 2025

Müller et al. — Grounded Sleeping and Exercise Recovery

Brown et al. — Grounding After Eccentric Exercise

Review Articles

Kattner — Down to Earth: A New Type of Hygiene

Jamieson — Grounding & Electromagnetic Hygiene

Chevalier et al. — Health Implications of Earthing

Oschman et al. — Grounding, Inflammation & Immune Response

Menigoz et al. — Earthing in Integrative & Lifestyle Medicine

Oschman — Can Electrons Act as Antioxidants?

Oschman — Grounding in Modern Technological Environments

Sinatra et al. — Grounding & Inflammatory Processes

Koniver — Practical Applications of Grounding

Changes in Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Oxygenation, Perfusion Index, Skin Conductance, and Their Variability Induced During and After Grounding Human Subjects for 40 Minutes

Grounding & Mood: A Double-Blind Pilot Study

Martel et al. — Electromagnetic Fields & Circadian Rhythm

Grounding & Red Blood Cell Properties

Scientific Perspectives

Brown — What Grounding Changes Electrically

Jamieson — Grounding, Confounders & Research Design

Oschman — Can Electrons Act as Antioxidants?

Chevalier — Acute Physiological Responses to Grounding

Martel et al. — Electromagnetic Fields & Circadian Rhythm

Cleveland Clinic — What We Know About Earthing

NIEHS — Understanding Electric & Magnetic Fields

WHO — Extremely Low Frequency Fields

NIH — Circadian Health, Light & the Built Environment

Cochrane — Understanding Risk of Bias in Clinical Research

A simpler way to explore grounding.

Grounding Sheet

Grounding Mat

Questions & Misinformation

Is Earthing Actually Good for You? Here’s What We Know.

Is Grounding Scientifically Proven?

Can Grounding Cure Disease or Replace Medical Treatment?

Does Grounding Really Reduce Inflammation?